Misuse of Rights in Family Law from Iranian Law and Jurisprudence  Point of View

Naghibi, Seyyed Abo&#039; Alghasem

doi:10.30497/flj.2008.67999

Misuse of Rights in Family Law from Iranian Law and Jurisprudence Point of View

Document Type : Specialized Article

Author

Seyyed Abo' Alghasem Naghibi

Assistant Proffessor of Shahid Motahari

10.30497/flj.2008.67999

Abstract

The family is the most important institution in society. Morales, ethics and beliefs as well as the rights and duties of each family member are what rule over the relationship among them. Although there is love and affection between the couples, parents and children, often a member of the family due to certain conditions takes advantage of his or her situation regarding other members of the family. According to some social laws certain rights and privileges are bestowed to family members. As the rights of family members are respected according to the law there are some ways to prevent the misuse of rights by a family member.
In this article the writer believes "The Prevention of Misuse of Rights" can be considered as a fact to control the misuse of rights. In accordance to a law in jurisprudence "Lazarar and La zerar", (In Islam no injury or malicious damage allowed.) In order to protect the above mentioned law, the misuse of rights by family members is prohibited.Laws such as the domination of the husband over the family and the rights of divorce, the rights of recourse, the permission of the father to give consent at the time of the daughters marriage, and the rights of guardianship are those kinds of laws which are misused.While studying the legal principle of jurisprudence it clearly indicates it's support for the prohibition of misuse of rights. The constitutional law as well as civil rights also support such rights. Civil liability, discretionary punishment and the limitations of exercising such authorities, are among those to control the misuse of rights.

Keywords

20.1001.1.25385291.1386.12.47.3.5

Main Subjects

General in family law

Article Title [العربیة]

استغلال الحق فی حقوق الأسرة من وجهة نظر فقه الإمامیة و القانون الإیرانی

Abstract [العربیة]

الأسرة هی أهم أرکان المجتمع و العلاقات السائدة فیها مبنیة على الأخلاق و الایمان و الحقوق و الواجبات بین أعضاء الأسرة .... و رغم المحبة و العاطفة الموجودة بین الزوجین و کذلک بین الوالدین و الابناء, نلاحظ أحیاناً أنّ أعضاء الأسرة یستغلون حقوقهم التی وهبتهم القوانین السائدة على المجتمع لیضرّوا الآخرین.
و مما لاشک فیه أنّ القانون کما یعترف بالحق من أجل المصالح المهمة للأسرة فإنّه یضع أیضاً سبلاً للحیلولة دون استغلال الفرد لحقه. من هنا أدمجت نظریة «منع استغلال الحق» فی الحقوق و القوانین باعتبارها وسیلة للإشراف على کیفیة تنفیذ الحق.
کما یعتقد کاتب المقال أن قاعدة «لاضرر و لاضرار فی الاسلام» تتمتع بشمولیة خاصة بحیث تضم نظریة «منع استغلال الحق» أیضاً. کما یعتقد أنه عند استقراء التعالیم القانونیة و الحقوقیة لفقه الامامیة ندرک أنّ هذا المذهب الفقهی قد بّین و بوضوح نظریة منع استغلال الحق, کما بیّن أنّ بعض الحقوق مثل قیمومة الرجل على الأسرة و حق الولایة و حق الطلاق و حق العودة و حق الاستئذان عند تزویج البنت الباکرة یتم استغلالها أحیاناً. بینما أکدّ الدستور و القانون المدنی و بصراحة على موضوع منع استغلال الحق. و الضمان التنفیذی لممارسة الحق الذی یمکن الإشارة إلیه هو المسؤولیة المدنیة، إبطال العمل القانونی، تضییق نطاق الأهلیة لممارسة الحق، و التعزیر.

Keywords [العربیة]