The book of The Women’s Presence in Stadiums by Mr. Javad Fakhar Tusi examines the issue of women's attendance at stadiums from a jurisprudential perspective. Although this book attempts to evaluate the issue of women's presence in stadiums with according to jurisprudential documentation and referencing to the religious evidence and principles, while referencing the various sources, but the content-related shortcomings necessitate a scientific critique of the book. This article is dedicated to outlining these shortcomings. The main criticisms directed at the author's viewpoint include “attributing unrelated claims,” “secondary status of primary ruling,” and “exclusivity of general narrative and Quranic evidence.” There are also interpretations and explanations that contradict the apparent meaning of the narrations present in the book. By clarifying these criticisms, it becomes evident that the primary reason for jurists' prohibition on this issue is not the necessity of women remaining at home or an absolute prohibition on mingling; rather, the reason for the prohibition is the harmful nature of mingling. Also, regarding the necessity of observing religious rulings, all women are equal, and the exclusivity of the evidence for modesty and hijab to cloistered women is unfounded.
Behjat, M. (2007). Estefta’at. Qom: Ayatollah Behjat Office. .[in Arabic]
Abi Davood, S (No Data). Sonane Abi Davood. Beirut: Al-Asrieh. [in Arabic]
Fakhar Toosi, J (2018). The presence of women in the stadum. Tehran: Islamic science and culture research institute. [in Persian]
Fakhr Al- Mohagheghin, M, (1387). IZah Al- favaed Fi sharhmoshkelat Al- ghavaed. Qom: Ismaeilianinstitue.[in Arabic]
Fazel Hendi, M (1995). Kashf Al-Lesam An Qava`aed Al-Ahkam. Qom: Eslamic Publication dependent on Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom.[in Arabic]
Feyz Kashani, M (2009). Mafatil Al-sharayea . Qom: Ayat allah Marashi Najafi publication . [in Arabic]
Hahid Aval, M (1998). Zekra Al-Shi`ae. Qom: Ale al-bayt alayh Al- salam institute. [in Arabic]
Hajian forushani.Z., Hamidi, M., Savaedi, F (2022). Investigating Jurisprudential bases of supporters and opponents regarding the presence of women in the stadium. Jurisprudence and Family Law. Volume 27, Issue 77 .DOI: 30497/flj.2022.243485.1822. [in Persian]
Hor Amoli, M. (1993). Vasail Al-Shia Ela Tahsil Maqasid Al-Sharia. Qom: Al Al-Beit L-Ahya Al-Torath.[in Arabic]
Ibn Barraj, A (1985). Al-Mohzab. Qom: Eslamic Publication dependent on Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom. . [in Arabic]
Ibn Edris Helli, M. (No Date). Ketab Al-Saraer. Qom: Al-Nashr Al-Islami Institute.[in Arabic]
Ibn Hamze, M. (1988). Al-Vasilah Ela Nayle Al- Fazilah. Qom: Ayatollah Marashi Najafi Library.[in Arabic]
Ibn Manzoor, M, (1414). Lasan al-Arab. Ch. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Fakr.[in Arabic]
Iravani, B (2006). DoRoos Al-Tamhidiye fi Al-feqh Al-Estedlali. Qom: no publication. [in Arabic]
Ja`afarien, R (2007). Rasael Al-Hejabie. Qom: Dalile ma. [in Arabic]
Khoei, S.A (1989). Mosooe al-Imam Al-Khoei. Qom: Institute for Revival of Al-Imam al-Khoei`s works . [in Arabic]
Khomeini (Imam), S.R (No Data). Tahrir al-Wasile. Qom: Dar Al-AlamMatbouat Institute. . [in Arabic].
Koliny, M. (2008). Al-Kafi. Qom: dar al-hadith.
Makarem Shirazi, N (2007). Women`s rulings. Qom: Publications of Imam Ali Bin Abitalib School.[in Arabic]
Mohadese Noory, H (1988). Mostadrak Al-Vasael. Beirut: Ale al-bayt alayh Al- salam institute. [in Arabic]
Mohaghagh Karaki, A (1993). Jame Al-Maghased. Qom: Al-Albeit Publishing. [in Arabic]
Mohaghagh Sabzevari, M (2002). Kefaye Al-Ahkam. Qom: Eslamic Publication dependent on Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom.[in Arabic]
Mohaghigh Helli, N(1987). Sharae al-Eslam fi Masael al-Halal wa al-Haram (Canons of Islam on the Matters of Halal and Haram). Qom: Ismailiyan Institute. [in Arabic]
MohaghighArdebili, A .(1982). Majma al-Faedahwa al-Borhan fi SharhErshad al-Azhan. Qom: Islamic Publications Office.
Motahari, M (no date). Feqh and Law. Qom: (no publication). [in Persian]
Qomi, A (1984). Qomi`s interpretation. Qom: dar Al-Ketab.[in Arabic]
Sabzevari, S. A, (1992). Mohazabal_Ahkam. vol. 13, Qom: Al-Manar Institute. . [in Arabic]
Sadouq, M.(1992). Man la yahduroh al-faqihi. Qom: Islamic Publications Office. . [in Arabic]
Saeidi, F(2014), Islamic Hijab (modest apparel) and Its Jurisprudential Limits, Jurisprudence and Family Law. Volume 19, Issue 6 DOI: 20.1001.1.25385291.1393.19.61.3.2. [in Persian]
Sheikh Mofid, M (1992). Ahkam Al-Nesa. Qom: Sheikh Mofid Hazara World Congress . [in Arabic]
Shobeiri Zanjani, M. (1998). Ketabe Al-Nekah. Qom: Ray Pardaz Institute.[in Arabic]
Sobhani Tabrizi, J (No date). Nezam Al-Nekah fi Al-Shari`at Al-Islamiah. Qom: no publication. [in Arabic]
sorkhhesary, F., Azim zadeh Ardebili, F ( 2017), The Macro-cultural Policies of Family in the Light of Religious Teachings, Jurisprudence and Family Law. Volume 22, Issue 6 DOI: 20.1001.1.25385291.1396.22.67.3.5. [in Persian]
Tabatabaei Haeri, A(1997). Riaz Al- masael. Qom: Ale al-bayt alayh Al- salam institute. . [in Arabic]
Hajian Forushani, Z. (2025). A Critique of the Book: The Women’s Presence in Stadiums. Biannual Journal of Family Law And Jurisprudence, 30(83), 247-277. doi: 10.30497/flj.2024.246048.2001
MLA
Hajian Forushani, Z. . "A Critique of the Book: The Women’s Presence in Stadiums", Biannual Journal of Family Law And Jurisprudence, 30, 83, 2025, 247-277. doi: 10.30497/flj.2024.246048.2001
HARVARD
Hajian Forushani, Z. (2025). 'A Critique of the Book: The Women’s Presence in Stadiums', Biannual Journal of Family Law And Jurisprudence, 30(83), pp. 247-277. doi: 10.30497/flj.2024.246048.2001
CHICAGO
Z. Hajian Forushani, "A Critique of the Book: The Women’s Presence in Stadiums," Biannual Journal of Family Law And Jurisprudence, 30 83 (2025): 247-277, doi: 10.30497/flj.2024.246048.2001
VANCOUVER
Hajian Forushani, Z. A Critique of the Book: The Women’s Presence in Stadiums. Biannual Journal of Family Law And Jurisprudence, 2025; 30(83): 247-277. doi: 10.30497/flj.2024.246048.2001