Feasibility of Criminalization of Leaving Marital Life without Reason by the Husband

Document Type : Scholarly Article

Authors

1 Post Doctorate Student in Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran

2 Professor, in Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law Department, Faculty of Theology, Mazandaran University, Babul Sar, Mazandaran, Iran

Abstract

Leaving marital life without reason by the husband can threaten the consolidation of the family and cause hardship to the wife. One of the ways to prevent such actions in the society is criminalization in this field. Considering the legal gap in this article, we peruse the possibility of criminalizing leaving marital life without reason by the husband, and in what form and under what title is it possible to criminalize it? Considering that leaving the marital life without reason does not provide the wife's main rights, Jurisprudence books have ruled to Noshuz. In this case, the wife advises the husband to return to life. If the advice is not useful, she will refer to the judge. At first, the judge prohibits the husband from this action, if the prohibition does not lead to any result, the judge can punish (ta'zir) the husband according to the expediency and circumstances. If the ta'zir was not useful, judge has decided to divorce But in Iranian law, first the judge forces the husband to divorce, and finally judicial divorce is prescribed.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

civil law
"Preservation, dignity and protection of women against violence" bill
Islamic Penal Code approved in 2012
The fifth book of the Islamic Penal Code (penalties and deterrent punishments) approved 03/02/1375 with subsequent amendments and additions
Ibn Idris Helli, Muhammad bin Mansur bin Ahmad (1410). Al-Saraer Al-Hawi for Tahrir Al-Fatawa, Qom: Islamic Publications Office affiliated with Qom Hawzah Teachers Jameah, 3 volumes, vol. 3.
Asadi Helli, Ahmad bin Muhammad (1407). Al-Mohazzab al-Bare' Fi sharh almokhtasar al-Nafe', Qom: Islamic Publications Office affiliated with Qom Hawzah Teachers Jameah,, 5 volumes, vol.5.
Asadi, Leila Sadat (2017). Family criminal law, Tehran: Mizan, one volume.
Asadi, Leila Sadat (1387). "Criticism on Article 1130 of the Civil Law and presenting its implementation solutions", Fiqh and Family Law Quarterly, 13th year, number 48.
Esfahani (Fazel Hendi), Muhammad bin Hasan (1416). Kafsh al-Letham and al-Ibham on the rules of al-Ahkam, Qom: Islamic Publications Office affiliated with Qom Hawzah Teachers Jameah, 11 volumes, vol.10.
Esfahani, Seyyed Abu al-Hasan (1422). Wasile al-Najat (with Imam al-Khomeini's notes), Qom: Institute for Organizing and Publishing the Works of Imam Khomeini, one volume.
Bahrani, Hossein bin Muhammad (Bita). Al-Anwar al-Lawame in the description of the keys of the Sharaie (Lelfeiz), Qom: Majma al-Bohoth al-Elmiya, 6 volumes, vol. 10.
Bahrani, Yusuf bin Ahmad bin Ibrahim (1405). Al-Hadaiqh al-Nazerah fi Ahakam al-Etrah al-Tahira, Qom: Islamic Publications Office affiliated with Qom Hawzah Teachers Jameah, 25 volumes, vol. 24 and 25.
Haeri, Seyyed Ali bin Muhammad Tabatabayi (1418). Riyaz al-Masail, Qom: Al al-Bayt institute, peace be upon them, 16 volumes, vol. 16
Horr Aamili, Muhammad bin Hassan (1409). Wasail Al-Shia, Qom: Al al-Bayt institute, peace be upon them, 30 volumes, vol. 28
Hosseini Sistani, Seyyed Ali (1417). Menhaj al-Salehin, Qom: The office of Hazrat Ayatollah Sistani, 3 volumes, vol.3
Halabi, Abu al-Salah (1403). Al-Kafi fi Fiqh, Isfahan: Public library of Imam Amir al-Mu'minin, peace be upon him, one volume
Helli, Allamah, Hasan bin Yusuf bin Motahhar Asadi (1420). Tahrir al-Ahkam al-Sharia on the Imamiah religion, Institute of Imam Sadiqh, peace be upon him, 6 volumes, vol.5.
Khansari, Seyyed Ahmad bin Yusuf (1405). Jame al-Madarek fi Sharh Mokhtasar al-Nafe, Qom: Ismailian Institute, 7 volumes, vol. 4.
Sobhani Tabrizi, Jafar (Bita). Nizam al-Nikah Fi Al-Sharia al-Islamiah al-Gharra, Qom: Bina, two volumes, vol.2
Sabzevari, Seyyed Abd al-Ala (1413). Mohazzab al-Ahkam, Qom: Al-Manar Institute, 30 volumes, vol.27
Sabzevari, Muhammad Baqir bin Muhammad Momen (1423). Kefaya al-Ahkam, Qom: Islamic Publications Office affiliated with Qom Hawzah Teachers Jameah, 2 volumes, vol.2.
Shobeiri Zanjani, Seyyed Musa (1419). The Book of Marriage, Qom: Rai Pardaz Research Institute, 25 volumes, vol.5
Shahri, Gholamreza and Kharazi, Mohammad (2010). A collection of advisory opinions of the legal department in the field of civil issues, Tehran, official newspaper
Sadeghi Movahhed, Khadija; Sadri, Seyyed Mohammad; Bagheri, Ahmad and Amirpour, Heider (2017). "Possibilities of criminalization in the field of family law", Fiqh and Islamic Law Research Quarterly, 15th year, number 54. ,
Tabasi, Najmuddin (1427). Prison and exile in Islam (Syyed Mohammad Reza Hosseini and Mustafa Shafiei, translators). Qom: Safhenegar Publications, one volume
Tusi, Muhammad bin Hasan (1407). Tahzeeb al-Ahkam, Tehran: Islamic Books House, 10 volumes, vol.10
Tousi, Muhammad bin Hassan (1387). Al-Mabsut Fi Fiqh Al-Imamia , Tehran: Al-Mortazawia Library for Revival of Al-Jaafari works, 8 volumes, vol.8.
Amali (the first martyr) (Bita). Muhammad Bin Makki, Al-Qawaed and Al-Fawaed, Qom: Mofid Bookstore, 2 volumes, vol.2
Aamily (the second martyr), Zain al-Din bin Ali (1413). Masalek al-Afham to the revision of Sharia al-Islam, Qom: Al-Maarif Islamic Foundation, 15 volumes, 8.
Aamily (the second martyr), Zain al-Din bin Ali (1410). Al-Rauza al-Bahiya fi Sharh al-Loma’ al-Dameshqiyyah, Qom: Davari Book Store, 10 volumes, vol.5.
Fayyaz Kaboli, Mohammad Ishaq (Bita). Minhaj al-Salehin, Bi-Ja: Bi-Na, 3 volumes, Vol. 3
Feiz Kashani, Mohammad Mohsen Ibn Shah Morteza (Bita). Al-Mafati al-Sharaie', Qom: Publications of Ayatollah Marashi Najafi Library, 3 volumes, vol.2
Qommi, Seyyed Taqi Tabatabayi (1426). Basics of Minhaj al-Salehin, Qom: Manuscripts of Qalam al-Sharq, 10 volumes.
Koleini, Muhammad bin Yaqoob (1407) Al-Kafi, Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamia, 8 volumes, vol.7
Mohseni Qandehari, Mohammad Asif (1424). Jurisprudence and medical issues, Qom: Publications of the Islamic Propaganda Office of Qom Hawzah, 2 volumes, vol.1.
Mohaqqeq Damad Yazdi, Seyyed Mustafa (1406). Rules of Jurisprudence (Penal Section), Tehran: Islamic Sciences Publishing Center
Makarem Shirazi, Naser (1424). Kitab al-Nikah, Qom: Publications of Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib School, 6 volumes, vol. 6.
Makarem Shirazi, Nasser (1418). Anwar al-Fiqahah - Kitab al-Hudud and al-Tazirat, Qom: Publications of Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) school, one volume.
Makarem Shirazi, Nasser (1425). Tazeer and its scope, Qom: Publications of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib, peace be upon him, one volume
Montazeri Najafabadi, Hossain Ali (1409). Fiqh foundations of Islamic government (Mahmoud Salavati and Abul Fazl Shokuri, translators). Qom: Keihan Institute, 8 volumes, vol.3
Mousavi Khomeini, Seyyed Ruhollah (1422). Istiftaaat, Qom: Islamic Publications Office affiliated with Qom Hawzah Teachers Jameah, 3 volumes, vol.3.
Mousavi Khomeini, Seyyed Ruhollah, Bita, Tahrir al-Wasila, Qom: Dar Al-Elm Press Institute, 2 volumes, vol.2.
Mousavi Khoee, Seyyed Abu al-Qasim, 1410. Completion of al-Menhaj, Qom: Madinah Al-Elm publication, one volume.
Najafi Tawana, Ali and Mostafazadeh, Fahim. "Criminalization in the Criminal System of the Islamic Republic of Iran", Islamic Jurisprudence and Law Studies, Year 5, Number 8, Spring and Summer 2013.
Najafi, Mohammad Hassan, 1404. Jawaher Al-Kalam in the description of the laws of Islam, Beirut: Dar Ihya Al-Torath al-Arabi, 43 volumes, vol. 41.
Wojdani Fakhr, God's Power, 1426. Al-Jawahir Al-Fakhriya fi Al-Rawzah Al-Bahiya, Qom: Sama Qalam Publications, 16 volumes, vol. 12.
Biannual Journal of Family Law And Jurisprudence
Volume 29, Issue 80
April 2024
Pages 261-280

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics