Rereading the Validity and Guarantee of the Condition of non-Remarriage in urisprudence Law and Psychology

Document Type : Specialized Article

Author

Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Management and Industries, Shahrud University of Technology, Shahrud, Iran

Abstract

Remarriage has been approved in Iran's jurisprudence and legal system, but its acceptance in the psychological system of Iranian women's society has faced doubts and created many challenges. Undoubtedly, failure to solve the mentioned challenges has created personal, social, cultural, and economic consequences. This has encouraged the wife to benefit to the condition of not remarrying in the marriage document. Despite this, the validity of the mentioned condition has been damaged and there is a difference of opinion regarding the implementation guarantee of the violation of the condition. The author of this research believes that the mentioned condition is correct in certain circumstances. The dimensions of psychology and the principle of fairness prove that in the same way that the husband has the right to remarry, the wife also has the authority to limit the remarriage of the husband by using the mentioned condition in the correct legal form. The main root of the disputes is the lack of correct methodology and the lack of guarantee of implementation of the violation of the condition of abandoning the legal act in the country's laws. What is important is to explain the desired performance guarantee in a suitable way in such a way that the rights of all parties are preserved. According to the findings of the present research, it seems that considering the many dimensions of the marriage contract, the interdisciplinary methodology is preferable and based on the legal point of view, if the husband violates from the condition, the second marriage of first wife is invalid and cannot be invoked and it is necessary to amend the existing laws.

Keywords

Main Subjects


- Abdul Mohsen Ali Abu Abdullah (1418 AH). The number of marriages between Alam and Al-Din, vol. 1, Beirut.
- Abdulahi, Rashan, Ainipour, Suri, Ahmed. (2021). "Construction and Validation of Attitude Scale to Remarriage (Case Study: Martyrs' Wives." Social-Policy Research on Women and Family, 9(1), pp. 253-271.
- Adler-Baeder F, Higginbotham B. (2004). Implications of remarriage and stepfamily formation for marriage education. Family Relations. 53(5), pp. 448-458.
- Ahmad Mohammad Balisani (1406). A view of women and men in Islam, vol. 1, Baghdad: Darul Alam.
- Al-Omili, Zain al-Din Shahid Sani (1424 AH). Al-Rawzah Al-Bahiyya, Qom: Jamal al-Fikr al-Islami.
- Ameri, Farida; Leila Tarabian; Roshank Khodabakhsh (1391). "Comparative examination of personality characteristics and attachment style of unfaithful, betrayed and normal spouses" Psychological Studies, Volume 8, Number 3, pp. 26-9.
- Ansari, Ali (2012). Civil Law, Tehran: Khwarazmi University.
- Ansari, Morteza (1415 AH). Al Makasab, Beirut: Noman Institute.
- Asghari, Fakhruddin (1382). "Compensation for moral damages in Iranian law", Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, numbers 9 and 10. pp. 32-51.
- Bamanian, Mohammadreza; Rafiyan, Mojtabi and Bajiyan, Elham (2008). "Measurement of effective factors on the improvement of women's security in urban environments (the case of the area around Tehran City Park"), Scientific-Research Quarterly of Women's Research, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 67-49.
- Buti, Mohammad Saeed Ramadan (1417 AH). Women between the rise of al-Nizam al-Gharbi and Lataif al-Tashri al-Rabbani, Volume 1, Damascus.
- Butler, Andrew C., Chapman, Jason E., Forman, Evan M., Beck, Aaron T. (2006). The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses, Psychological Medicine Review, Vole26, Iss 1, 17-31.
- Compton, Scott N., March, John S., Brent, D., Albano, A M., WEERSING, V. Robin. CURRY, J. (2004). Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy for Anxiety and Depressive Disorders in Children and Adolescents: An Evidence-Based Medicine Review, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vole 43, Iss 8,930-959.
- Craske, MG. Golinelli, D., Stein, MB. Roy-Byrne, PP., Bystritsky, A., Sherbourne, CD. (2005). Does the addition of cognitive behavioral therapy improve panic disorder treatment outcome relative to medication alone in the primary care setting? Psychological Medicine Review, Vol 35, Iss 11, 1645-1654.
- Dupuis SB. (2007). Examining remarriage: A look at issues affecting remarried couples and the implications towards therapeutic techniques. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage. 48(1-2), pp91-104.
- Durant, Will (1370). History of Civilization, translated by Ahmad Aram et al., Tehran: Publications of Education Organization.
- Faber AJ. (2004). Examining remarried couples through a Bowenian family systems lens. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage. 40(3-4), pp. 121-33.
- Fox WE, Shriner M. (2014). Remarried couples in premarital education: Does the content match participant needs? Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 55(4), pp276-299.
- Garneau, C. L., Higginbotham, B., & Adler‐Baeder, F. (2015). Remarriage beliefs as predictors of marital quality and positive interaction in stepcouples, An actor–partner interdependence model. Family process, 54(4), 730-745
- Goli, Ali; Ghasemzadeh, Behnam; Fateh Bagali, Atefe; Ramadan Moghadvajari, Yasman. (2014). "Effective factors in women's sense of social security in urban public spaces (case study of Tabriz El-Goli Park)", Scientific-Research Quarterly of Women's Strategic Studies, Vol. 69, pp. 136-97.
- Gurban Shiroudi, Shahreh., and Poursadighi, Zainab (2010). "Comparison of the level of mental health among witness wives who remarried and witness wives who did not remarry and determining the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on their mental health components", Educational Psychology, 2(1), pp. 37-51.
- Gurji, Abulqasem and others (1384). Comparative family law, Tehran: University of Tehran, first edition.
- Haji Ali, Fariba (1391). "Jurisprudential-legal examination of the condition in the marriage contract that the spouse will not remarry" Fiqh and Family Law Journal, 17(56), pp. 2-20.
- Halli, Hasan bin Yusuf bin Motahar (1413 AH). Farif al-Shi'ah, Qom: School of Nineva al-Hadith.
- Har Ameli, Muhammad bin Hassan (1414 AH). Al-Wasal al-Shia, Beirut: Revival of the Arab Heritage.
- Herbelin, B., Riquier, F., Vexo, F., Thalmann, D., (2002), Virtual Reality in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: a Study on Social Anxiety Disorder, International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia (VSMM).
- Herbert, James D., Rheingold, Alyssa A., Gaudiano, Brandon A., Myers, Valerie H., (2004), Standard versus extended cognitive behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder: Randomized-controlled trial, Behavioral and Cognitive Psychotherapy, Vole 32, Iss. 02, 131-147.
- Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyeh (1423 AH). Declaration of the signatories, Beirut: Dar Al Jail.
- Ibn Qudamah (1403 AH). Al-Mughani, Egypt: Matabah al-Imam.
- Ibrahim, Mohammad Hasan Jamal (1417 AH). The number of marriages in Islam, vol. 1, Beirut: Dar al-Etsam.
- Ismaili, Mohsen (1390). Civil Law, Tehran: Imam Sadeq University (AS).
- Jafari Langroudi, Mohammad Jafar (1386). Family law, Tehran: Ganj Danesh.
- Jamal Mohammad Faqi Rasool Bajauri (1986). Women in Al-Fikr al-Islami, Volume 1, Baghdad: Darul Alam.
- Khoi, Abul Qasim (1410 AH). Minhaj al-Salehin, vol. 2, Qom: Institute for the Revival of Imam Al-Khoei's Works.
- Khomeini, Seyyed Ruhollah (1368). Tahrir al-Wasila, Najaf: Al-Adab Press in Al-Najaf al-Ashraf.
- Mahmoud Abdul Hamid Mohammad (1411 AH). Women's Rights Between Islam and Al-Diyaanat al-Akhri, Volume 1, Cairo.
- Makki, Muhammad bin Jamaluddin the first martyr (1378). Al-Lama Al-Damashqiyya, Qom: Hajj and Umrah Research Center, Matcheh Hikmat.
- Martyr Thani Zain al-Din bin Ali (1403 AH). Sharh al-Lama' al-Damashqiyya, Beirut: Dar al-Hayya al-Trath al-Arabi.
- Mehdi, Shahidi (2010). Civil Rights, Tehran: Somit Publications.
- Memani, P. S. (2003). A comparative study of the marital attitudes of students from divorced, intact and single-parent families (Doctoral dissertation, University of the Western Cape), pp210-231.
- Mohaghegh Hali, Abu al-Qasim Najm al-Din Jafar ibn al-Hassan (1403 AH). Shariae al-Islam, Qom: Dar al-Azwa.
- Mohammad al-Sharif al-Alam, Abdul Salam (1998). Marriage and divorce in Libya, Tripoli: Qar Yunus society, third edition.
- Mohammad Mohammad Madani (1378). "A new opinion on polygamy", Volume 1, Risal al-Islam, Year 10, Issue 4, pp. 425-430.
- Mohibur Rahman, Mohammad Ali; Saberi, Hossein; Qubouli Darafshan, Seyyed Mohammad Mehdi (2013). "Pledge not to remarry in Imamiyyah traditions and jurisprudence", Fiqh and Law Journal, Volume 45, Number 95, pp. 65-86.
- Motahri, Morteza (1363). Women's Rights System in Islam, Tehran: Sadra Publications.
- Mousavi Khoei, Sayyedab al-Qasim (1417 AH). Kitab al-Nikah, Qom: Dar al-Hadi.
- Najafi, Mohammad Hassan (1430). Jawaharlal Kalam, Qom: Dar al-Katb al-Islamiya.
- Omid Zanjani, Abbas Ali (1382). Ayat al-Ahakam, Qom: Islamic Studies and Research.
- Pasley K, Garneau C. (2012). Remarriage and stepfamily life. In: Walsh F, editor. Normal Family Processes: Growing Diversity and Complexity. New York: Guilford Press, p. 149-172.
- Pasley K, Koch MG, Ihinger-Tallman M. Problems in remarriage: An exploratory study of intact and terminated relationships. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage. 1994; 20(1-2):63-83.
- Rajabi Gholamreza, Khoshnoud Qasim, Sudani Mansour, Khojstemehr Reza. (2019). "Effectiveness of couples therapy based on emotional reconstruction on increasing trust and marital satisfaction in remarried couples", Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 26 (1), pp. 114-129.
- Rawandi, Qutbuddin (1405 AH). Fiqh al-Qur'an, vol. 2, Qom: Ayatollah Marashi Library, second edition.
- Saadat Mustafavi, Seyyed Mustafa (2013). K Legal Verb", Religion and Communications Journal, No. 24, pp. 20-48.
- Safaei, Hossein (1390). Civil Rights 1, Tehran: Mizan Publishing.
- ----------- (1389). General rules of contracts, Tehran: Mizan publication.
- Salah, Abdul Ghani Muhammad (1418 AH). Wasal al-Islam fi al-Mahahaza Ali al-Hayat al-Hijaya, Vol. 3, Misr.
- Sen, Christian, Arthur Emmanuel (1372). Iran during the Sasanian era, translated by Rashid Yasemi, Tehran: World of Books.
- Seyed Alavi, Seyed Hossein (1382). "Condition of no remarriage", Islamic Studies Quarterly.
- Shahini, Ali (2014). Analysis of the condition of no remarriage, Tehran: Khwarazmi University.
- Shakri Golpayegani, Toubi; Momin, Ruqiyeh Sadat (1401). "Remarriage of a couple in the legislative process of Iran with an approach to governmental jurisprudence and Sharia policy", Fiqh and Family Law Journal, 27 (76), pp. 5-31.
- Shalabi, Mohammad Mustafa (1397 AH). Ahkam al-Asra fi al-Islam, Beirut: Dar al-Nahdah al-Arabiya, second edition.
- Shukani, Muhammad bin Ali bin Muhammad al-Shukani (1435 AH). Nile al-Awtar, Egypt: Al-Halabi.
- Solaf Berzanji (1980). Law of Personal Status and Amendments and Legal School, Baghdad, Law No. 189.
- Stokes SB, Wampler RS (2002). Remarried clients seeking marital therapy as compared to those seeking family therapy: Differences in levels of psychological and marital distress. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage38(1-2), pp91-107.
- Sweeney MM (2010). Remarriage and stepfamilies: Strategic sites for family scholarship in the 21st century. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72(3), pp667-684.
- Tabatabaei, Mohammad Hossein (1423 AH). Remarriage and Women's Status in Islam, Qom: Azadi Publications.
- The collection of documents and texts of the Al-Qanusiya related to the status of Al-Marah in Maghreb (2001). First edition, Rabat.
- Tusi, Sheikh Abu Jafar (1387 AH). Al-Massut, Qom: Al-Maktabeh Al-Mortazawieh.
- Zaheli, Wahba (1418 AH). Islamic jurisprudence and justice, Damascus: Dar al-Fakr, 4th edition.
- Zarinnia, Zain El Abdin (1384). Basics and effects of temporary marriage conditions, Tehran: University of Tehran.